This book presents a comprehensive exploration of Atraumatic Restorative Treatment (ART) - a groundbreaking, minimally invasive approach in dentistry that prioritizes patient comfort and accessibility. Designed especially for use in community-based and resource-limited environments, ART eliminates the need for electrical equipment and anesthesia by employing simple hand instruments to remove decayed tooth material. The subsequent use of fluoride-releasing glass ionomer cement not only restores the tooth but also aids in preventing future decay. With particular relevance for pediatric, geriatric, and anxious patients, ART offers a cost-effective, pain-free alternative to conventional restorative methods. Emphasizing the preservation of natural tooth structure and preventive oral health, this book underscores the value of ART in public health, primary care settings, and mobile dental units. It is an essential resource for dental professionals, public health workers, and policymakers aiming to enhance oral healthcare delivery in underserved populations.