Filtration Textiles: Materials, Techniques and Applications

Filtration textiles play a critical role in various industries, including healthcare, environmental protection, and industrial processes. These specialized textiles are designed to separate, retain, or remove particles from air, water, and other fluids, enhancing efficiency and safety. This paper explores the materials, techniques, and applications of filtration textiles, highlighting innovations in fiber structures, coatings, and manufacturing processes. Key materials such as nonwoven fabrics, polymer membranes, and nanofiber composites are discussed, along with advanced filtration techniques like electrostatic, mechanical, and chemical filtration. The study also examines applications in air and water purification, medical filtration (e.g., masks and surgical filters), and industrial processes such as gas separation and oil filtration. As demand for high-performance filtration textiles grows, research and development continue to drive improvements in durability, efficiency, and sustainability.