Identification of Diabetic Retinopathy Stages Using Modified DWT and Artificial Neural Network

This book focuses on the automatic detection of diabetic retinopathy (DR) through digital image processing techniques. Diabetic retinopathy is a major cause of vision loss among diabetic patients, and early detection can significantly reduce the risk of blindness. However, the shortage of eye specialists and the lack of accessible diagnostic tools make timely diagnosis challenging, particularly in developing countries. This book proposes a low-cost, efficient method using mobile phone-based retinal imaging to detect DR, providing an alternative to expensive fundus cameras. By applying digital image processing techniques, it aims to simplify the identification process, enabling early diagnosis and better patient outcomes.